You are hereHome › College of Arts, Social Sciences & Humanities (CASSH) › Reubin O'D. Askew Department of Government › Cuzán, Alfred › A fiscal model of presidential elections in the United States Style APAChicagoHarvardIEEEMLATurabian Choose the citation style. , , Cuzán, A. G., & Heggen, R. J. (1984). A fiscal model of presidential elections in the United States: 1880-1980. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 14(1), 98-108. Download PDF A fiscal model of presidential elections in the United States Details Title A fiscal model of presidential elections in the United States: 1880-1980 Contributor(s) Alfred G. CuzánRichard J. HeggenCuzán, Alfred G. (author)Heggen, Richard J. (author) Located In Presidential studies quarterly ISSN 0360-4918 Date 1984 Abstract The paper presents a model in which the re-election of presidential incumbents is a negative function of increases and accelerations in federal expenditures relative to Gross National Product. Data on 26 elections held between 1880 and 1980 tend to support this hypothesis. We also find that the fiscal-electoral system of the United States exhibits homeostatic behavior similar to those of economic· and physical systems.